Title: Tribhuvan University 2079 Bachelor Level (4 Yrs.) / Science & Tech. / III Year Course: Plant Biochemistry and Plant Biotechnology - (Bot 301) Full Marks: 100 Time: 3 hrs.


 

Section "A" (Plant Bio-Chemistry)

Long answers questions (Attempt any TWO)

  1. What are amino acids? Describe the structure, properties, and classification of amino acids. [2x10=20]

  2. Define monosaccharides? Explain the chemical properties of monosaccharides. Mention their rules. [2x10=20]

  3. Describe the lipid oxidation mechanism in plants. State the biological roles of lipids. [2x10=20]

Short answers questions: (any FOUR) 4. Why is water called the universal solvent? Write about the biological roles of water. [4x5=20]

  1. Give a short account of the mechanism of enzyme action.

  2. What are fat-soluble vitamins? State the functions of any two fat-soluble vitamins. [4x5=20]

  3. What is DNA sequencing? Write down the application of DNA sequencing.

  4. What are plant pigments? Mention their importance in the plant kingdom.

  5. What is bioinformatics? Why is it essential in plant research?

Very short answers questions: (Attempt any FOUR) 10. How is biochemistry related to plant physiology?

  1. Why are amino acids called zwitterions? Show it.

  2. What is DNA fingerprinting? Mention its significance.

  3. What are BLAST and FASTA?

  4. Show the 5'-3' phosphodiester bond in a DNA molecule.

Section "B" (Plant Bio-Technology)

Long answers questions (Attempt any TWO) 15. Define biotechnology. Give an account of the scope and importance of biotechnology. [2x10=20]

  1. What is cryopreservation? Give a detailed account of it. [2x10=20]

  2. Explain the legume-Rhizobium symbiotic nitrogen fixation mechanism. [2x10=20]

Short answers questions: (Attempt any FOUR) 18. Mention the roles of biotechnology in medicine.

  1. What is sterilization? How are explants sterilized?

  2. Give an account of mycorrhizae.

  3. What is gene transfer? Mention its significance.

  4. Why are Blue Green Algae (BGA) considered important in agriculture?

  5. What are monoclonal antibodies? State the use of such antibodies. [4x2.5=10]

Very short answers questions: (Attempt any FOUR) 24. What is gene cloning? Why is it done?

  1. How are nitrogen-fixing nodules formed in legume roots?

  2. What is a growth medium? Mention the ingredients of PDA medium.

  3. Is it possible to develop a haploid plant? How?

  4. What is PCR? Why is it done?

Old Course

Section "A" (Plant Bio-Chemistry)

Long answers questions (Attempt any TWO)

  1. How are amino acids classified? Explain the properties and functions of amino acids. [2x10=20]

  2. What are enzymes? Explain the mode of action and properties of enzymes. [2x10=20]

  3. What are carbohydrates? Classify them. State the biological roles of carbohydrates. [2x10=20]

Short answers questions: (Attempt any FOUR) 4. What is a buffer? Derive Henderson and Hasselbalch equation.

  1. Explain water as the universal solvent.

  2. What are lipids? Mention their roles in living organisms.

  3. Distinguish between DNA and RNA.

  4. Write down the importance of plant pigments.

  5. Why do we need to study bioinformatics?

Very short answers questions: (Attempt any FOUR) 10. What are secondary metabolites? Write with suitable examples.

  1. What is Okazaki fragment? Where is it formed?

  2. What are non-essential amino acids? Why are they called so?

  3. What is the role of soil pH in agriculture productivity?

  4. How is biochemistry related to microbiology?

  5. Show the structure of the chlorophyll a molecule.

Section "B" (Plant Bio-Technology)

Long answers questions (Attempt any TWO) 16. What is somatic hybridization? Describe the important steps in somatic cell hybridization. [2x10=20]

  1. What is cryopreservation? Explain the methods of cryopreservation. [2x10=20]

  2. Describe the mechanism of biological nitrogen fixation. [2x10=20]

Short answers questions: (Attempt any FOUR) 19. Write down the principles of sterilization.

  1. What are the major disadvantages of gene transfer? [4x5=20]

  2. Give a short account of Frankia.

  3. Write down about different ethical issues of genetic engineering.

  4. Explain the technique of protoplast culture.

  5. What are the advantages of artificial seeds? [4x2.5=10]

Very short answers questions: (Attempt any FOUR) 25. What do you mean by acclimatization in tissue culture experiments?

  1. What is explants? How is it sterilized?

  2. Mention the importance of mycorrhizae in agriculture.

  3. What do you mean by genetically engineered drugs? Write with examples.

  4. State the importance of gene cloning.

  5. What is hybridoma technology? What is produced from it?.

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