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📘 Grade 12 Biology Syllabus  🌱 Unit 1 – Plant Anatomy (8 hours) Concept of plant tissues Types of tissues: Meristems & Permanent tissues Anatomy of dicot and monocot roots Anatomy of dicot and monocot stems Anatomy of dicot and monocot leaves Secondary growth in dicot stem  Watch the video here:  🌿 Unit 2 – Plant Physiology (20 hours) 2.1 Water Relation (4 hours) Diffusion Osmosis Plasmolysis Ascent of sap Transpiration Guttation 2.2 Photosynthesis (5 hours) Significance of photosynthesis Photosynthetic pigments Mechanism: Photochemical phase Mechanism: Calvin-Benson cycle C3 plants vs C4 plants Photorespiration Factors affecting photosynthesis 2.3 Respiration (5 hours) Significance of respiration Types of respiration Glycolysis Krebs cycle Electron Transport System (ETS) Factors affecting respiration 2.4 Plant Hormones (3 hours) Auxins Gibberellins Cytokinins 2.5 P...

Learn how to prune basil for bigger harvests, better flavor, and bushier plants. Simple steps to keep basil growing strong all summer. Hey guys! If you’ve ever wondered why your basil plant suddenly shoots up tall, gets thin little stems, and the leaves start tasting a little bitter—pruning is the answer.  Most people buy a pot of basil, set it on the patio, and hope for endless fragrant harvests. But here’s the truth: basil is one of those herbs that thrives the more you cut it. Pruning doesn’t just keep it looking neat; it actually makes the plant explode with fresh, flavorful growth. Let’s break down exactly how and when to prune basil so you get massive, bushy plants that keep producing big, tasty leaves all season long. Why Pruning Basil is Essential There are three main reasons you should be pruning your basil all summer: Plant Health – Left alone, basil grows tall and spindly. The stems weaken, the plant leans, and it loses vigor. Regular pruning keeps the structure ...

This video you'll learn what exactly is a survivorship curve and its steps with examples I try to explain science topics for students and make it easier to understand and memorize. What is a Survivorship Curve? A survivor curve is a graphical representation that illustrates the pattern of survival for individuals in a population over their lifespan. It represents the number or proportion of individuals surviving at each age for a given species or group. Get Your Pdf Now Why Create a Survivorship Curve? Now, why go through all the trouble to create a survivorship curve? Because it's a way to visualize patterns of mortality and survival with populations over time. The Three Types of Survivorship Curves There are three main types of survivorship curves. They are type one curve, type two curve, and type three curve. Type I Survivorship Curve The type one survivorship curves depict species that have a high probability of surviving to old age. These species typically e...

 Forget the stiff textbook jargon—let’s get right into it. A survivorship curve isn’t just some dry graph biologists draw for fun. It’s a vivid, almost story-like way of showing who makes it through the different stages of life and who doesn’t. Imagine lining up a group of babies from any species—humans, turtles, oak trees—and asking: how many of you will still be standing when you’re teenagers, adults, or elderly? The survivorship curve answers that question with a line that rises or falls depending on how harsh life is at each stage. It’s mortality and survival sketched out in a single picture. The reason we even bother plotting these curves is because survival is never random. Populations carry hidden patterns, and survivorship curves pull back the curtain. They reveal the strategies life forms have evolved to keep their species going—whether that’s banking on a few long-lived individuals or flooding the world with thousands of offspring in the hope that a handful survive. It’s...

Have you ever thought about the tiny battles happening inside your body?    I’m talking microscopic warfare: parasites invading your cells, hijacking your systems, and escaping into the night like slick little spies. Sounds like a sci-fi movie, right? But it’s not. This is the real-life story of humanity’s oldest enemy: malaria – starring a clever parasite from the genus Plasmodium , with a life cycle so sneaky it puts James Bond to shame.  If you are a visual learner, click here to watch and understand how the life cycle of malaria takes place:  Phase 1: The Midnight Infiltration Picture this: a warm evening near the equator. A female Anopheles mosquito buzzes in for a late-night snack. She’s not just sipping your blood for fun – she’s got eggs to lay. But hidden in her saliva? A swarm of Plasmodium sporozoites (the parasite’s first form). When she bites, she injects these invaders into your bloodstream. The heist begins. 🔍 Question: Why do only female mo...